Automatic Repeat reQuest(ARQ) scheme is one of the error control methods. There are two typical ARQ categories: the Selective Repeat ARQ(SR-ARQ) and the Go-Back-N ARQ(GBN-ARQ). SR ARQ has a much better throughput performance than that of GBN-ARQ, whereas its implementation is more complicated which results in heavy processing load. Both of the two methods can hardly satisfy the standards of wireless Asynchronous Transfer Mode(ATM). A novel ARQ scheme based on active fault tolerant is designed. It makes use of the statistical relationship of the control data from the network to recover the erroneous data. It is compared with conventional SR-ARQ and GBN-ARQ both in theories and in simulations of throughput performance. The results show that AFT-ARQ has a lower complexity than that of SR-ARQ；and it has a better throughput performance than that of GBN-ARQ，which is close to that of SR-ARQ.