Target recognition of millimeter-wave security inspection images with small-sample long-tail distribution
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1.Institute of Electronic Engineering,China Academy of Engineering Physics,Mianyang Sichuan 621999,China;2.Microsystem and Terahertz Research Center,China Academy of Engineering Physics,Chengdu Sichuan 610200,China;3.Graduate School of China Academy of Engineering Physics,Beijing 100088,China

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    Abstract:

    The data volume of millimeter-wave security imaging is relatively small, and the data volume for uncommon types of dangerous objects is even smaller, with the data exhibiting a long-tail distribution. Security inspection requires fast detection speed, and existing deep learning methods are not yet fully applicable to millimeter-wave security imaging datasets.To meet the needs of daily security inspection, a method based on the YOLOv5 algorithm is proposed for feature extraction of human hidden targets in millimeter-wave security radar imaging. Firstly, the YOLOv5 algorithm framework is studied, and a Focal CIoU loss function is proposed to re-weight the samples and reduce the long-tail effect. Next, the dataset is processed by cropping the targets and randomly pasting them into existing images to expand and balance the data volume among different categories, achieving the purpose of resampling. Finally, the Squeeze-and- Excitation Network(SENet) attention mechanism is introduced to improve the accuracy of target recognition. The validation results show that the mean Average Precision (mAP) of human hidden targets using the proposed method reaches 85.4%, which is a 4.7% improvement compared to the original YOLOv5 algorithm. This performance meets the detection requirements for daily usage scenarios.

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赵文联,安健飞,陈仁爱,崔振茂,邓佩佩,吴强,刘杰,成彬彬,喻洋.小样本长尾分布毫米波安检图像的目标识别[J]. Journal of Terahertz Science and Electronic Information Technology ,2025,23(5):532~539

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History
  • Received:November 14,2023
  • Revised:January 15,2024
  • Adopted:
  • Online: June 05,2025
  • Published: