As a crucial component of modern communication networks and an important domain of international competition, satellite communication faces increasingly severe interference threats, with its security and reliability encountering serious challenges. Against this backdrop, interference awareness technology has become a critical means of ensuring communication reliability, holding significant practical importance and promising application prospects. This paper first conducts a comprehensive analysis of several types of satellite communication interference signals. On this basis, the current research status of interference awareness technologies for satellite communication is investigated from three perspectives: interference detection, identification, and localization, along with the advantages and limitations of various technologies in the current interference environment. Finally, a brief outlook on the future development directions of interference awareness technology is provided.