A symbol timing synchronization algorithm for all digital telemetry receiver is designed. The new algorithm combines the advantages of Farrow interpolation algorithm and Gardner timing error detection algorithm with fixed sampling rate，which is suitable for symbol timing synchronization with a wide range of symbol rate and low Signal to Noise Ratio(SNR). Based on the analysis of the Farrow interpolation principle, a simplified piecewise parabolic interpolation method is put forward to reduce the complexity of the original interpolation method. The simulation results show that the Bit Error Rate(BER) performance of the new algorithm is close to the ideal BER performance, and is better than that of Gardner algorithm with a small number of sampling points in a symbol. The new algorithm can achieve the symbol timing synchronization under low SNR effectively.